A water heater is one of the most essential appliances in a home, providing hot water for daily tasks like showering, washing dishes, and laundry. However, like any major system, it requires regular maintenance to function efficiently. Many homeowners neglect their water heaters until a problem arises, leading to higher energy bills, inconsistent water temperatures, or even complete system failure.
Proper maintenance ensures that a water heater operates at peak efficiency, extending its lifespan and reducing the likelihood of unexpected breakdowns. Sediment buildup, faulty components, and neglected maintenance can force a unit to work harder than necessary, consuming more energy and increasing utility costs. Regular upkeep not only saves money but also helps prevent the need for premature water heater replacement.
Whether a home has a traditional tank-style water heater or a tankless model, following a maintenance routine improves performance and prevents costly repairs. Knowing what to check, when to flush the system, and how to adjust settings for efficiency makes a significant difference. A professional plumber can provide expert guidance on keeping a water heater in top condition. Benjamin Franklin Plumbing understands the importance of water heater maintenance and helps homeowners maximize efficiency while avoiding unnecessary expenses.
1. Adjusting the Temperature for Efficiency
Many water heaters are set at unnecessarily high temperatures, leading to wasted energy and higher utility bills.
How to Optimize Temperature Settings
✔ 120°F is the Recommended Setting – Reduces energy consumption while providing sufficient hot water.
✔ Lower Temperatures Prevent Scalding – Especially important in homes with children or elderly residents.
✔ Reduces Mineral Buildup – High temperatures accelerate sediment accumulation in the tank.
Lowering the temperature prevents excessive energy use without compromising comfort.
2. Flushing the Tank to Remove Sediment
Over time, minerals and debris accumulate at the bottom of a water heater tank, reducing efficiency and causing potential damage.
Steps to Flush a Water Heater
✔ Turn Off the Power Supply – Electric models should be unplugged, and gas models should have the burner turned off.
✔ Connect a Hose to the Drain Valve – Direct water into a bucket or drain.
✔ Flush Until Water Runs Clear – Removes sediment buildup that affects heating performance.
Annual flushing ensures better heat transfer and prevents overheating.
3. Checking the Anode Rod to Prevent Corrosion
An anode rod is a crucial component that prevents rust from forming inside the tank. Over time, it deteriorates and needs replacement.
Signs the Anode Rod Needs Replacement
✔ Visible Corrosion or Wear – A heavily corroded rod can no longer protect the tank.
✔ Discolored or Metallic-Tasting Water – Indicates internal rust formation.
✔ Water Heater Age Exceeding Five Years – Older units are more likely to have a worn-out anode rod.
Replacing the anode rod extends the lifespan of the water heater and prevents leaks.
4. Insulating the Tank for Energy Savings
Water heaters, especially older models, lose heat through the walls of the tank, making them work harder to maintain temperature.
How Insulation Improves Efficiency
✔ Reduces Standby Heat Loss – Keeps water hot for longer periods.
✔ Lower Energy Costs – Prevents unnecessary reheating cycles.
✔ Ideal for Unheated Spaces – Basements and garages expose water heaters to cooler temperatures.
A water heater blanket or foam pipe insulation improves efficiency without requiring major modifications.
5. Testing the Pressure Relief Valve for Safety
The pressure relief valve is a critical safety feature that prevents excessive pressure buildup inside the tank.
How to Test the Valve
✔ Lift the Valve Handle Briefly – A small amount of water should discharge.
✔ Ensure Proper Resealing – If water continues to leak, the valve may need replacement.
✔ Check Annually – Prevents pressure-related damage to the tank.
A faulty pressure relief valve increases the risk of leaks or system failure.
6. Checking for Leaks and Corrosion
Undetected leaks can cause water damage and reduce the efficiency of a water heater over time.
Signs of a Leak or Corrosion Issue
✔ Puddles Around the Base of the Unit – Indicates potential tank failure.
✔ Rust or Corrosion on the Tank Exterior – Suggests internal deterioration.
✔ Dripping Water from Pipe Connections – Loose fittings may need tightening or replacement.
Early detection of leaks helps prevent the need for an emergency water heater replacement.
7. Maintaining Tankless Water Heaters
Tankless water heaters require different maintenance steps compared to traditional models.
Essential Tankless Water Heater Maintenance
✔ Descaling the Unit – Hard water causes mineral buildup, reducing efficiency.
✔ Cleaning the Air Intake Filter – Ensures proper airflow for combustion.
✔ Checking the Heating Elements – Prevents temperature fluctuations.
Regular maintenance ensures a tankless system provides consistent hot water and operates efficiently.
8. When to Call a Professional Plumber
While homeowners can handle some maintenance tasks, certain issues require professional expertise.
Situations That Require a Plumber
✔ Water Heater is Over 10 Years Old – May need an inspection to determine if replacement is necessary.
✔ Inconsistent Water Temperature – Could indicate a failing thermostat or heating element.
✔ No Hot Water – Electrical or gas supply issues may require repair.
A qualified plumber can assess problems and recommend whether water heater installation or repair is the best solution.
9. The Connection Between Water Heater Maintenance and Plumbing Efficiency
A well-maintained water heater improves the overall efficiency of a home’s plumbing system.
How Water Heater Performance Affects Plumbing
✔ Stable Water Temperature Protects Pipes – Reduces expansion and contraction that can cause leaks.
✔ Efficient Heating Lowers Water Waste – Faster hot water delivery reduces running time.
✔ Proper Pressure Regulation Prevents Plumbing Stress – Reduces strain on faucets and fixtures.
Keeping a water heater in top shape benefits the entire household plumbing system.
Final Thoughts
Regular maintenance is the key to keeping a water heater running efficiently, reducing energy costs, and preventing sudden breakdowns. Simple tasks like flushing the tank, adjusting the temperature, and checking for leaks can make a significant difference in performance and longevity.
Whether using a traditional or tankless model, keeping up with routine maintenance helps prevent the need for costly water heater replacement or emergency repairs. A professional plumber can provide expert guidance and ensure that a water heater operates at its best. Benjamin Franklin Plumbing offers reliable plumbing services to help homeowners maximize efficiency and maintain their water heaters properly.
By taking proactive steps, homeowners can extend the life of their water heater, improve energy efficiency, and avoid unexpected repair costs.
